虚拟语气用法
一、对现在的虚拟条件从句谓语动词——一般过去时主句谓语动词——would/should/might/could+动词原形eg:a.If I were you,I would choose study hard.(事实上，我不是你)b.If I had a good friend,I could happily everyday.(事实上，我没有一个好朋友)注:在条件从句中，谓语动词是be动词形式，不管主语是单数还是复数，都用were。二、对过去的虚拟条件从句谓语动词——过去完成时主句谓语动词——would/could/should/might+have+v-ed(动词的过去分词)eg:If it had been for your help yesterday,I could not have caught the bus.(事实上，你昨天已经帮助了我，所以我赶上了车)三、对将来的虚拟条件从句谓语动词——should do/were to/v-ed(动词的过去式)主句谓语动词——would/could/should/might+动词原形eg:a.If you came tomorrow,we would have the meeting.(事实上，你明天不来)b.If it were to rain tomorrow,the event would be put off.(事实上，明天不会下雨)c.If he should not come tomorrow,we should put off the meeting till next Monday.( 事实上，他一定会来)
虚拟语气的各种用法
1、与现在事实相反：若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。2、与过去事实相反：若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”。3、与将来事实相反：若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。扩展资料：虚拟语气的应用条件：在表示假想的虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。主要是英语语法的一种表达。条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的甚至完全不可能发生的情况，故采用虚拟语气。参考资料来源：百度百科-虚拟语气
虚拟语气的用法归纳是什么？
1、对现在假设的情况从句:If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+ should/would/might/could+do；If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道)If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)2、对过去没做的事情的假设实际还是没做从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。(事实:去晚了)If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实:没有听我的话)3、对过去没做的事情的假设实际还是没做从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+动词一般过去式(be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do例:If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。(事实:来的可能性很小,不可能)If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪,我们就去滑冰。(事实:下雪可能性很小,不可能)If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。(事实:来的可能性很小,不可能)4、错综条件句有时,虚拟条件句中, 如果主句和从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时, 虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与正在发生的事实不符。例:If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer now.如果我当时在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在就是一个工程师了If they had informed us,we would not come here now.如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。例:If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.如果他今天有空的话,我们就已经派他去北京了。If he knew her, he would have greeted her.要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。扩展资料应用条件：在表示假想的虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。主要是英语语法的一种表达。参考资料来源：百度百科-虚拟语气
