出师表英文翻译
出师表英文翻译如下：出师表原文：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理，不宜偏私，使内外异法也。侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必能裨补阙漏，有所广益。将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用于昔日，先帝称之曰能，是以众议举宠为督。愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞良死节之臣，愿陛下亲之信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明，故五月渡泸，深入不毛。今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、祎、允之任也。愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效，则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。若无兴德之言，则责攸之、祎、允等之慢，以彰其咎；陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏，臣不胜受恩感激。今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。英文翻译：Before the Emperor started his business, the middle road collapsed. Today, the second third, Yizhou, is tired of disadvantages. This is a time of crisis. However, the ministers of bodyguards are unremitting at home, and those who are loyal to their ideals forget to be outside. They will catch up with the previous emperor and want to repay his majesty. It is advisable to open up a saint's hearing, to honor the virtues of the former emperor and the spirit of the great patriots, and not to belittle oneself and call it a bad name. It is also a good way to stop loyalty and remonstrance.In the palace, all are one. It is not suitable to be different or similar to give credit, punish, Zang or not. If there are people who commit crimes and are loyal to the good, they should pay the punishment and reward to the official to show your majesty's plain principles. It is not advisable to be partial and make the internal and external laws different.Waiters, waitresses Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun, etc. are all good and honest, and their ambition is to be loyal and pure, so that the emperor can leave his majesty. Fool thinks that things in the palace are of no great or small importance. If you learn about them and then implement them, you will be able to help fill the gaps and make them more useful.The general Xiang Chong, who is gentle in nature and smooth in military affairs, tried to use it in the past. The former emperor called it Neng, and took the public opinion as the governor. Fools think that if they know what is going on in the camp and consult with others, they will be able to make the battle line harmonious, and the good and the bad will find their way.He was close to virtuous officials and far away from villains, so the early Han Dynasty was prosperous; He who is close to villains is far from being a virtuous minister, so Han Dynasty fell down. During the time of the former emperor, whenever he talked with his ministers about this matter, he always sighed and hated Yu Huan and Ling Ya. Servants, ministers, chroniclers, and soldiers, who know the chastity and integrity of their ministers, are willing to trust your majesty in person, so that the prosperity of the Han Dynasty can be expected in a timely manner.He was a minister in cloth clothes. He devoted himself to Nanyang, lived in troubled times, and did not want to be heard of. The former emperor did not regard his ministers as mean, and he was obscene and overindulged. The three ministers were in the cottage. The counselors were grateful for what they had done, so he allowed the former emperor to drive them away. It has been one year since the fall of the late Qing Dynasty, when he was assigned to the defeat and was ordered to be in danger.The late emperor knew that his ministers were cautious, so he sent them to help them. Since I was appointed, I have been worried all day and night. I am afraid that the entrustment will not work, which will hurt the former emperor's wisdom. So I crossed to Luzhou in May and went deep into the city. Now the south has been settled, and the armor is enough. When the three armies are awarded, the north has been settled in the Central Plains. The common people are exhausted and dull. They can stop the villains, revive the Han Dynasty, and return to the old capital. This minister therefore reported to the former emperor and was loyal to his majesty. As for considering the profit and loss and making full use of the advice, it is the responsibility of you, Yi and Yun.I hope your majesty entrusts his ministers with the purpose of appealing to the thieves for recovery. If not, he will punish his ministers and tell the spirit of the former emperor. If there is no word of virtue, blame Youzhi, Yiyi and Yunyun for their slowness to show their guilt; Your majesty should also seek his own advice. He is very kind to the Suwa River. He can accept the elegant words and deeply pursue the imperial edict of the former emperor. I am very grateful.Today, we should be far away from the face of tears. We don't know what to say.
英文版《出师表》
Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.The emperors of the Western Han chose their courtiers wisely, and their dynasty flourished. The emperors of the Eastern Han chose poorly, and they doomed the empire to ruin.Whenever the late Emperor discussed this problem with me, he lamented the failings of Emperors Huan and Ling.I began as a common man, farming in my fields in Nanyang, doing what I could to survive in an age of chaos. I never had any interest in making a name for myself as a noble.The late Emperor was not ashamed to visit my cottage and seek my advice. Grateful for his regard, I responded to his appeal and threw myself into his service.The late Emperor always appreciated my caution and, in his final days, entrusted me with his cause.Since that moment, I have been tormented day and night by the fear that I might let him down. That is why I crossed the Lu river at the height of summer, and entered the wastelands beyond.Now the south has been subdued, and our forces are fully armed. I should lead our soldiers to conquer the northern heartland and attempt to remove the hateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it to the former capital.This is the way I mean to honor my debt to the late Emperor and fulfill my duty to you.My only desire is to be permitted to drive out the traitors and restore the Han. If I should let you down, punish my offense and report it to the spirit of the late Emperor.Your Majesty, consider your course of action carefully. Seek out good advice, and never forget the late words of the late Emperor. I depart now on a long expedition, and I will be forever grateful if you heed my advice. Blinded by my own tears, I know not what I write.《出师表》介绍《出师表》出自于《三国志·诸葛亮传》卷三十五，是三国时期（227年）蜀汉丞相诸葛亮在决定北上伐魏 夺取长安（今汉长安城遗址）之前给后主刘禅上书的表文。这篇表文以议论为主，兼用记叙和抒情。以恳切委婉的言辞劝勉后主要广开言路、严明赏罚、亲贤远佞，以此兴复汉室 还于旧都；同时也表达自己以身许国，忠贞不二的思想。全文既不借助于华丽的辞藻，又不引用古老的典故，多以四字句行文。此篇文章入选人教版初中语文九年级上册教科书。《出师表》创作背景蜀章武元年（221年），刘备称帝，诸葛亮为丞相。蜀汉建兴元年（223年），刘备病死，将刘禅托付给诸葛亮。诸葛亮实行了一系列比较正确的政治和经济措施，使蜀汉境内呈现兴旺景象。为了实现全国统一，诸葛亮在平息南方叛乱之后，于建兴五年（227年）决定北上伐魏，拟夺取魏的长安，临行之前上书后主，即这篇《出师表》。
出师表的翻译
译文
臣诸葛亮上表进言：先帝开创大业未完成一半，竟中途去世。如今天下分成三国，我益州地区人力疲惫、民生凋敝，这真是处在万分危急、存亡难料的时刻。但是，宫廷里侍奉守卫的臣子，不敢稍有懈怠；疆场上忠诚有志的将士，舍身忘死的作战，这都是追念先帝的特殊恩遇，想报答给陛下的缘故。陛下确实应该广开言路听取群臣意见，发扬光大先帝遗留下来的美德，振奋鼓舞志士们的勇气，绝不应随便看轻自己，说出不恰当的话，以至于堵塞了忠诚进谏的道路。
宫里身边的近臣和丞相府统领的官吏，本都是一个整体，升赏惩罚，扬善除恶，不应标准不同。如有作坏事违犯法纪的，或尽忠心做善事的，应该一律交给主管部门加以惩办或奖赏，以显示陛下在治理方面公允明察，切不应私心偏袒，使宫廷内外施法不同。
侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等，这都是些品德良善诚实、情志意念忠贞纯正的人，因而先帝才选留下来辅佐陛下。我认为宫内的事情，事无论大小，应当征询他们的意见，然后再去施行。这样一定能够补正疏失，增益实效。
将军向宠，性情德行平和公正，了解通晓军事，当年试用，先帝曾加以称赞，说他能干，因而经众人评议荐举任命为中部督。我认为军营里的事情，事情无论大小，都要征询他的意见，就一定能够使军伍团结和睦，德才高低的人各有合适的安排。
亲近贤臣，远避小人，这是汉朝前期所以能够兴盛的原因；亲近小人，远避贤臣，这是汉朝后期所以衰败的原因。先帝在世的时候，每次跟我谈论起这些事，对于桓帝、灵帝的做法，没有不哀叹和憾恨的。侍中郭攸之、费，尚书陈震，长史张裔，参军蒋琬，这些都是忠贞、坦直，能以死报国的节义臣子，诚愿陛下亲近他们，信任他们，则汉王室的兴盛，就时间不远了。
我本是个平民，在南阳郡务农亲耕，在乱世间只求保全性命，不求在诸侯达官显贵。先帝因为我身份低微，见识短浅，降低身份，委屈自己，接连三次到草庐来访看我，征询我对时局大事的意见，因此我深为感激，从而答应为先帝驱遣效力。后来正遇危亡关头，在战事失败的时候我接受了任命，在危机患难期间我受到委任，至今已有二十一年了。
先帝深知我做事谨慎，所以临去世时把国家大事嘱托给我了。接受遗命以来，日夜担忧兴叹，只恐怕托付给我的大任不能完成，从而损害先帝的英明。所以我五月率兵南渡泸水，深入荒芜之境。如今南方已经平定，武库兵器充足，应当鼓励和统率全军，北伐平定中原地区，我希望竭尽自己低下的才能，消灭奸邪凶恶的敌人，复兴汉朝王室，迁归旧日国都。这是我用来报答先帝，并尽忠心于陛下的职责本分。至于掂量利弊得失，毫无保留地进献忠言，那就是郭攸之、费、董允的责任了。
希望陛下责成我去讨伐奸贼并取得成效，如果不取得成效，那就惩治我失职的罪过，用来上告先帝的神灵。如果没有发扬圣德的言论，那就责备郭攸之、费、董允等人的怠慢，公布他们的罪责。陛下也应该自己思虑谋划，征询从善的道理，明察和接受正直的进言，远念先帝遗诏中的旨意，我就受恩、感激不尽了。
如今正当离朝远征，流着泪写了这篇表文，激动得不知该说些什么话。
